Linkages between Citizen-Politician
Clientelism is a political practice of old age. It is an active collection based on the 'give here, take there' norm that encourages employers and consumers to benefit from shared support when playing in tandem with each other at different levels of social, institutional, and political articulation (Kitschelt, and Wilkinson, 2007, p.3). Likewise, it covers unfair yet mutually beneficial associations of influence and trade between classes of unequal roles and persons. Clientelism is the connotation of the specific use of the election arena and public services of the political monarchy. In return for jobs and other incentives, it includes help offered and votes. It is a useful strategy, which is used for building political support and winning elections through the discerning issue of public funds to support associated and politicians.
Clientelism becomes useful when there is democratic baseline leading to free and fair elections. It allows integration of citizens with low levels of immigration and literacy into the politics. Similarly, it enunciates regional, national, and local relations hence contributing to strengthening the political community (Kitschelt, and Wilkinson, 2007, p.24). It stabilizes the growing demand of citizens relative to the low capacity of response to the state through permitting brokers to make extra efficient use of inadequate state resources. Through clientelism, parties can consolidate the electoral support hence playing a role in the legitimization and institutionalization in the society (Lay, 2017, p.135). It enables state institutions in developing natural resistance as well as allowing the creation of accountability and controls. Moreover, it enables development of creative political class and expedient thus promoting political entrepreneurialism. It acts as a substitute for another form of partisan domination through the means of violence. In the context of restricted economic representation, clientelism has been fruitful for providing goods rather than democratic progressions (Lay, 2017, p.148). Additionally, the effectiveness of clientelism is that it offers clear implications of economic reforms and growth.
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References
Kitschelt, H. and Wilkinson, S.I., 2007. Citizen-politician linkages: an introduction. Patrons, clients, and policies: Patterns of democratic accountability and political competition, pp.1-49.
Lay, C., 2017. Political linkages between CSOs and parliament in Indonesia: a case study of political linkages in drafting the Aceh Governance Law. Asian Journal of Political Science, 25(1), pp.130-150.
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