Significance under Federal Status of National Guards

Importance of Federalized National Guards under Title 32 Law

The essay entails an argument that federalized national guards under the grounds of title 32 law are crucial in the activities of the domestic military operations. In this regard, the state controls and commands the unit of guards but the federal government funds the activities. In most cases, the U.S. president, or the secretary of defense (in some instances delegates this role to adjutant general) requests a governor of a state to deploy guards in response to homeland security. However, posse comitatus act does not apply. Therefore, the functions and purposes are in a state's active duty as long as the governor approves. In this regard, the essay involves a description of the three federal statuses of the National Guard (command, funding, and organization), as well as their significance and influence on the decision making of domestic military operations.

National Guard under Title 3

A national guard under title 32 can act under a particular jurisdiction under the federal status of organization, command, and funding. Firstly, the constitution of the United States gives the mandate to Congress to organize armies and support militia. Therefore, under article I, the National Guard can act on federal status through executing the law of the union, suppressing insurrections as well as repelling invasions (Lowenberg, 2014). In regards to command, the guards operate under the control and command of a state's governor under title 32. However, when called to active duty, the president or individuals delegated the responsibility such as unit commandants, adjutant generals, or secretary of defense assumes the role (Ostrom, 2017). Lastly, the federal government funds all the activities of the National Guard missions when performing their duties under title 32 (Lowenberg, 2014). However, in the event they are performing functions as a result of a call to active duty by the governor, the state funds the activities unless it asks and receives support from the United States (Ostrom, 2017). The funds are channeled towards supporting the operations, activities, and logistics of the guards while responding to emergencies of a national scale such as terrorist attacks or aggression, and natural disasters of a significant magnitude.

Significance of Federal Statuses

Some of the citizens in the United States are opposed to the use of military such as national guards for civilian law enforcement (Mcguire, 2015). However, with the reduction in the number of military personnel outside the U.S. jurisdiction, there is more focus on domestic security. Some of the activities include wars against the infiltration of terrorists into the country, illegal drugs, airport security after 9/11, natural disasters such as hurricanes, and public diplomacy efforts (Lowenberg, 2014). In this respect, the first way the federal statuses of the National Guard are essential is their localization in the event of an emergency response, mitigation, recovery, and prevention. In this regard, they are readily available for a call to active duty to help in such circumstances hence reducing the losses and protect the lives of Americans. Also, in the wake of increased terrorist surveillance, the national guards help man various entry points in the country hence their significance as well as influence in the decision of the domestic military operations (Lowenberg, 2014). Lastly, for more than 300 years, the national guards have performed the local army processes and in some instances civil law enforcement as an aid to the policing authorities such as the provision of intelligence (Mcguire, 2015). Therefore, the national guards have to be involved in the decision-making process as well as the execution of the activities in respect to their duties of national and homeland security as the only service with dual status.

Conclusion

In conclusion, title 32 entails three statuses of national guards which include their organization under the constitution, command, and funding. In regards to the constitution, the Congress formulates the policies guiding them, while the president or a governor can call them to active duty hence the commander in chief unless delegate to an adjutant general. Under this scenario, the federal government funds all the activities in various missions f federalized guards. Based on their localization to each state, territory, and District of Columbia, increased terrorist surveillance, and emergency response to national disasters, the guards play a significant role in both making decisions and undertaking activities of domestic military operations.

References

Lowenberg, T. (2014). The Role of the National Guard in National Defense and Homeland Security. Retrieved 14 October 2017, from https://www.ngaus.org/sites/default/files/pdf/primer%20fin.pdf

Mcguire, M. (2015). Defense Support Of Civil Authorities: A Vital Resource In The Nation’s Homeland Security Mission. Retrieved 14 October 2017, from http://docs.house.gov/meetings/HM/HM12/20150610/103575/HHRG-114-HM12-Wstate-McGuireM-20150610.pdf

Ostrom, S. (2017). Your Benefits: Title 10 vs.Title 32 vs. the State. Moaa.org. Retrieved 14 October 2017, from http://www.moaa.org/Content/Publications-and-Media/MOAA-Blog/Your-Benefits--Title-10-vs-Title-32-vs--the-State.aspx